[Loops] type II spicule paper

[Petrus Martens]

On 7/31/12 8:27 AM, Hugh S. Hudson wrote:
> It may be a great paper, but why is there no citation of Scudder's work?

Would have been useful.  I don't think Jim's results invalidate
Scudder's results though.

Piet


>
> Hugh
>
> On 31 Jul 2012, at 16:12, Petrus Martens wrote:
>
>> Hey, great paper!  Glad that someone looked into that.
>>
>> Cheers,
>>
>> Piet
>>
>> On 7/31/12 7:47 AM, Klimchuk, James A. (GSFC-6710) wrote:
>>> Dear friends,
>>>
>>>       You might be interested in my recent paper on “The Role of Type
>>> II Spicules in the Upper Solar Atmosphere,”  which can be downloaded at
>>> http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.7048
>>>
>>> Cheers,
>>>
>>> Jim
>>>
>>> ABSTRACT:
>>>
>>> We examine the suggestion that most of the hot plasma in the Sun's
>>>
>>> corona comes from type II spicule material that is heated as it is
>>>
>>> ejected from the chromosphere.  This contrasts with the traditional
>>>
>>> view that the corona is filled via chromospheric evaporation that
>>>
>>> results from coronal heating.  We explore the observational
>>>
>>> consequences of a hypothetical spicule dominated corona and conclude
>>>
>>> from the large discrepancy between predicted and actual observations
>>>
>>> that only a small fraction of the hot plasma can be supplied by
>>>
>>> spicules (<2% in active regions and <5% in the quiet Sun).  The
>>>
>>> red-blue asymmetries of EUV spectral lines and the ratio of lower
>>>
>>> transition region (LTR; T<0.1 MK) to coronal emission measures
>>>
>>> are both predicted to be 2 orders of magnitude larger than observed.
>>>
>>> Furthermore, hot spicule material would cool dramatically by
>>>
>>> adiabatic expansion as it rises into the corona, so coronal heating
>>>
>>> would be required to maintain the high temperatures that are seen at
>>>
>>> all altitudes.  The necessity of coronal heating is inescapable.
>>>
>>> Traditional coronal heating models predict far too little emission
>>>
>>> from the LTR, and we suggest that this emission comes primarily from
>>>
>>> the bulk of the spicule material that is heated to <0.1 MK and
>>>
>>> is visible in He II (304 A) as it falls back to the surface.
>>>
>>> ********************************************************************************
>>>
>>>
>>> James A. Klimchuk
>>>
>>> NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
>>>
>>> Solar Physics Lab, Code 671
>>>
>>> Bldg. 21, Rm. 158
>>>
>>> Greenbelt, MD  20771
>>>
>>> USA
>>>
>>> Phone:  1-301-286-9060
>>>
>>> Fax:      1-301-286-7194
>>>
>>> E-mail: James.A.Klimchuk at nasa.gov <mailto:James.A.Klimchuk at nasa.gov>
>>>
>>> Homepage:
>>> https://sedupdate.gsfc.nasa.gov/sed/index.cfm?fuseAction=people.jumpBio&&iPhonebookId=15844
>>>
>>>
>>> No endorsement by NASA is implied for any correspondence related to my
>>> role as an officer of professional organizations (American Geophysical
>>> Union, International Astronomical Union, American Astronomical Society).
>>>
>>> ********************************************************************************
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
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>>>
>>
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