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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Hi Markus,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'> Maybe the paper wasn’t clear, but all
the simulations we present have asymmetric heating. That’s what the
asymmetry factor in the third column of the table refers to. The condensations
are definitely not stationary, as we discuss in several places and can be
clearly seen in Figure 1, for example. All of the condensations are eventually
pushed to the chromosphere by a pressure imbalance. Also, there is
evaporation happening during most of the evolution, as discussed on page 10,
for instance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'> Please let me know if you need more
details.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Jim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div style='border:none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
loops-bounces@solar.physics.montana.edu
[mailto:loops-bounces@solar.physics.montana.edu] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Markus J.
Aschwanden<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, December 07, 2009 4:47 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> A mailing list for scientists involved in the observation and
modeling of solar loop structures<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Loops] loops and thermal nonequilibrium<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Dear Jim,<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>I read your paper with interest. You made a faithful attempt
to explain five observed <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>loop properties, which I really appreciate. The
hydrodynamic simulations indeed show <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>some puzzling condensation blobs that remain at
stationary locations that seem not<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>to correspond to observations. However, I have the
impression that this puzzling<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>effect, which you use as main argument that cooling loops
are not consistent<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>with observations, is an artifact of the perfect pressure
balance in your model.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>When you watch TRACE movies, you will see that real coronal
loops always evolve:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>sway, expand, twist, or shrink on time scales of an hour,
which slowly changes the <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>pressure balance along the loop and would move
condensation blobs to one side.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Loops are also always asymmetric, have diverging and
converging cross-sections,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>which causes siphon flows and drains condensation blobs to
one side. So, I think<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>that the simulations are too idealized to tell us the
long-term evolution. <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>It is like balancing a ball on the Eiffeltower - an
equilibrium solution is mathematically<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>possible - but is impossible in reality, there are always
vibrations or wind ...<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Perhaps you can repeat a simulation by superimposing some
slowly-varying<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>pressure disturbances, use a varying cross-section, and fill
it by upflows from<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>gentle chromospheric evaporation (more like in flares).<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Cheers,<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Markus<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>On Dec 4, 2009, at 2:04 PM, Klimchuk, James A. (GSFC-6710)
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Dear
Loops Friends,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>
If you are interested, the attached paper shows that coronal loops cannot be
explained by thermal nonequilibrium. The results appear to rule out the
widespread existence of coronal heating that is both highly concentrated low in
the corona and steady or quasi-steady (slowly varying or impulsive with a rapid
cadence). Comments are welcomed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Best
wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Jim<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>********************************************************************************</span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>James
A. Klimchuk</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:
"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Solar
Physics Lab, Code 671</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Bldg.
21, Rm. 158</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Greenbelt,
MD 20771</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>USA</span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Phone:
1-301-286-9060</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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1-301-286-7194</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>E-mail: <a
href="mailto:James.A.Klimchuk@nasa.gov">James.A.Klimchuk@nasa.gov</a></span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Home
page: <a
href="http://hsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/staff/bios/cs/James_Klimchuk.html">http://hsd.gsfc.nasa.gov/staff/bios/cs/James_Klimchuk.html</a></span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>********************************************************************************</span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"'><klimchuk_submitted.pdf>_______________________________________________<br>
Loops mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Loops@solar.physics.montana.edu">Loops@solar.physics.montana.edu</a><br>
<a href="https://mithra.physics.montana.edu/mailman/listinfo/loops">https://mithra.physics.montana.edu/mailman/listinfo/loops</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
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<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>____________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>Dr. Markus J. Aschwanden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>Solar & Astrophysics Laboratory<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>Lockheed Martin Advanced Techology Center<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>Org. ADBS, Bldg. 252<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>3251 Hanover St., Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>Phone: 650-424-4001, FAX: 650-424-3994<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>URL: <a href="http://www.lmsal.com/~aschwand/">http://www.lmsal.com/~aschwand/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>e-mail: <a href="mailto:aschwanden@lmsal.com">aschwanden@lmsal.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>_______________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'>____________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:6.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";
color:black'><br>
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